Type-justifying machine.



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[famo/fair B. DES JARDINS.

TYPE JUSTIIYING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 20. 1895.b

PATBN'IED FEB. 19, 1907. B. M. DES JARDINS.

TYPE JUSTIFYING MACHINE. APPLIGATION PILBD'MAY 2o, 1895.

7 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

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PATENTBD PEB. 19, 1907.

B. M. DES JARDINS. TYPE JUSTIFYING MACHINE.

APPLIUATINTILBD MAY zo, 1895.

7 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

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PATBN'TED H1319, 1907.

B. M. DBS JARDINS. TYPE JUSTIFYING MACHINE.

APPLIGATION IILBD my zo, 1895.

7 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

-N644,556. PATBNTBD PEB. 19, 1907.

A g' B. M. DES JARDINS.

TYPE JUSTIFYING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 20, 1895. I 7 SHEETS-SHEET 5. EZg- 5 WM Wlzesses zzvenor www w: Nomz'smcrses co.. wasmnsrsn. 0.1:.

PATENTED FEB. 19, 1907.

. B. BIL-DES JARDINS. TYPE JUSTIFYING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED HAY 20, 1895.

7 SHEETS-SHEET 6.

Wfzesses;

:Hr Norm, "Frm-5 co., wasmrfzrnu D c PATENTED FEB. 19, 1907.

B. M. DES JARDINS. TYPE JUSTIPYING MACHINE.

APPLIQATION FILED MAY 20, 1895.

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W-n asses *UNITED STATES -PATENT OEErCE.

BENJAMIN M. DES JARDINS, OF HARTFORD, CONNECTICUT, ASSIeNoR, BY

MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, TO THE UNITYPE COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF' NEw JERSEY.

TYPE-JUSTIFYING MACHINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Feb. 19, 1907.

Application filed May 20,1895. Serial No. 550,015,

To @ZL .ich/m it may concern:

Be it known that I, BENJAMIN M. DES'JAR- DrNs, a citizen of the United States, residing at Hartford, in the county of Hartford and greatly cheapen such work, as ,an inexperienced operator can by its v usequickly select the proper spaces for justification. 'l

`In the following specificationIgshalllterm the dierence between the amountl of matter in an unjustifiedline and the required length of the line or column measure the shortage of the line. The places between words in which justifying-spaces are to be inserted I shall term intervals, and the final uads or ieces used to separate the lwords in t e justiged lines will be termed justifying-spaces. The shortage of the line divided by the number of intervals will give the average width of the justifying-sp aces, and this average width I shall term a normal space. The term type as used herein will be understood as including matrices, such as are used in linotypwell as ordinary printers type.

riefly stated, the present invention coni sists in calculating mechanism which measmeasurin the line shortage and dividing such*- shortage y the number of intervals in the".

ures the line shortage and divides such shortage by the number of intervals in a line, the result bein the proper width of justifyingspaces, an mechanism'for trarferrin @justifying-mantenere thesnaenweazine to 'thgjinegftype The calculating mechanism contro s the space-selecting mechanism automatically; so that the operator is entirely relieved of the mental work which has to be performed in the ordinary hand process of selecting and inserting justifyingspaces. This calculating mechanism for ing-spaces is applicable not only in machines rices, but in line-justifying mechanism of mechanism and typographie machine herein are used In this bro ad sense to include all to be justiiied for printing or the production of printing-surfaces. In the machine illusdevices are combined with a space-magazine and devices only; l inl -and inseptjn rea y-made spaces but it wgill 5e udei'stoo t a is determined by these calculating devices, may be provided otherwise than by using ready-made spaces, suitable space-forming 'devices being combined with the calculating case the justifying-spaces are arranged in channels of a space-magazine in the order'of their sizes. They increase in size by uniform amounts,'and for convenience the difference between two consecutive sizes will be termed a unit The lnumber of sizes used will depend upon the degree of accuracy reuired in the work. The greater the number of accuracy, as will be evident.

The type-lines may be composed for this justifier either by hand or by type-setting machinery, and in this particular construction they are preferably left solid without any spaces between the words, and they are separated or leaded to prevent the upper uneven ends from becoming mixed or dislocated. The column of type-matter is first placed in a suitable galley, and all of the corrections are made before the lincs are justified. The galley containing the corrected column is next placedflln the machine, and

the operator pushes said column along until the first line is in proper position in the linechannel. Then after the measuring factors have been located he transfers the line, one word at a time, by means of a forked rule held in the left hand, while ith the right he manipulates a lever to insert the required spaces between the words, pushing the latter up in front of the upper galley and when completed sliding the line into conjunction with the newly-justifiedeolumn by means of lineto determine the proper width of justifyclasses of typographie work in which lines are.

devices for this purpose. In the presentv for justifying composed lines of type or 'rnatother classes, and the terms justifyingtrated and .described herein'the calculating e jus yingspaees,the value of which sizes the smaller the unit and the greater the A IOO i,a suitablei rule-.fastened by a-spring-catch to preventf` said column from falling back into the open channel.

' ,That my invention may be more fully understood reference is had to the annexed drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a front view of the machine;

Fig. 2, a sectional side view of said machine; Fig. 3, a detaied view of the measuring xo mechanism; Fig. 4, a detailed plan view looking upward in the direction of the arrow 4, Figs. 2.and 3, the frame A being removed Fig.`5, aplan view ofthe connecting members between the; measuring instrument f5 and the` line in the directionof the .arrow 5, Q Fig. 2. Figs. Gand 7 are views illustrating fthe -applicationof themeasui'inggage to the 'df'ferentdsizes of spaces, theposition of the gagingepbints being-,indicatedi by dotted parzoffallel lines. Fig. 7a.isadiagram illustrating the computing devices. Fig. 8 is a section abouton lineS, Fig. 1,.'directly above ther bottomplate i419 ofv the space-channels. YFigs. 9; an.d 10l show .the-forked rule 200 and z5rits application. llvand 1;2 illustratel the n ieasuring-,anglevat diii'erent positions; .and Fig'. 1,3 is aseetionalyplanview on line 1 3, F.ig. ,1.

. The; framerwhich supports the. mechanism,

3o 'galley-.a am;-spaee-channels-isj desgnatediby A. '.Q'Lhe brackets and. other-.partsof the fname A that carry .the several Operative 1 member-.s are tilted.` back at asuitab angle t0 safelyhold for", manipulation loose type lines andspacesras-wiltbeunderstood by referring tol; ig. 2,. In the drawings. and speci- -ication, however, ythese operative parts which-aliezinclined-in practice are shown and described-.for the sake of convenience and 4o brevity as standing vertically. The galley b for justified lines is located at the left ofl the machine, over thelmain supporting-frame A. The space-channels 123 are in the center on al plate projecting -to the right from said frame, and belowsaid channels is situated the galley a, in which the co-lurrn ofunjustiied lines is placed, the space-channels 123 ,having their bottoms convenient to the .lower edge of the upper galley b and their 5o=front edges near the plane of the bottom of said galley. The guard 408 `extends across the front of the channels 123 to prevent more than th'e bottom spaces from being disturbed by the ejector 409.

The plate 419, that forns a common bottomforthe space-channels 123, takes the form of an arc struck from the center of the stud 226 in order to' line up with the lateral path of the swinging ejector 409, which has 6o its bearings in the enlarged part or lug231 at the lower end4 of the oscillating arm 224. Said arc also designatcs the path of the lower terrrinal of the oscillating transferring- -arm 2,27, both-this and the arm 224 being mounted lon the 1 stud 226, which has its -bearing in` the top of the vframe A. The spaces in the channels 123 increase in size toward the leit-that is. the right-hand channel contains the'smallest size andthe left-hand channel the largest, with the intermediate sizes in the intermediatechannes. The bottoms of the channels 123 are preferably made of shorter radius toward the right in order to cause the central plane of each of the bottom spaces to intersect an arc-struck from the center of the stud 226, thereby keeping said spaces well in the path of the ejector 409. 'lhe spacefreceiving platform 410, which is a forward extension of the plate 419, is provided with the-shoulder 412 to prevent `the spaces from sliding back against the channel-partitions. The platform 410 projects in iront of the channels 123 a little below the bottomspaces and'occupies a position at the right of the lower coge of the upper galley b.

The lower galley a terminates' in the open line-channel 121, the right Wall of-.whichvis removed for a distance equaLtotheWidth-of `said galley for the reception of.therst unjustified line from theadjaoent endofthe column. The abutment 138 is locatedhelow the base of the channel y 121 bellgllll .With vor slightly below the lower edge ofthe galley a, and serves as a xed'` support uponl which the type-line rests while beingmeasured. The block 138 receivesi the lower. end Othe unjustified line asthe latter slidesfrom. the galleya into the channel 121. -Themove ment of said column to the left is.:1mited, by the slotted wall 201 of the channel51g21. 'The wall 201 is supplemented ,at itsupper terminal by the laterally-projecting-iiat springcatches l202, one behind the other,.th e parts of said catches which extend across the channel 121 being square on top and tapered: from above downward to the left topermit of the passage of the words and` to support them after said passage has taken place. The catches 202 are designed to spring to the left when a space is pushed `against them fromtheplatform 410, being thereby thrust ont of the channel 121 to allow the next vword topass as it is raised from the lower part of said charbmel to a position at the right of the Agaley I The forked rule 200, by means of which the operatorv manipulates the words, is provided with a handle projecting to the left andupper laterally-extending prongs with knife-edges designed to enter the slots 201a in the wall 201 and be inserted wedge-like between the words. Said prongs are oiiset or bent upward, so that when the rule 200 is raised to its fullest extent the forked end projects above the slotsl 201a and between the catches 202 in line with the bottom edge of the gal-ley b.

The rocking supporting-rod 203 for theintermediate measuring-gage 120 has sufficient longitudinal motion to permit it to\be ad- IlO justed to the lengths of the various lines.

4vThe rod 203 is located at the left far enough to clear the transferring-arm 227 when said arm is at the left end of its stroke and is mounted 1n the lugs 204 and 205, extending from theframe A. The rod 203 is provided j With the gage 120 and the projection 232, rigi idly attached thereto, and has the handle 206,

by means ofr which said rod is rocked or ropasses beneath the plate 419 and the plat?v form 410 and is then turned over the. top of said platform to form the pusher 411, extending nearly to the shoulder 412. The function of the pusher 411 is to propel a space from its position in front of any one of the channels 123 to the line-channel. 121-.i The lconguration of the finger 418 is such that a space when expelled from either channel 123 by the ejector 409 always comes bez tween the pusher 411 and the, channel l1 21.

The arm 224 has ad projection on its right edge provided with the stud 133, to which the connecting-rod 132 is pivoted. 'The free end of the rod 132 is equipped with the con-L tact-stud or feelerage 13.6, which bears on the upper edge of tie bar 112 and moves up and down therewith. The slotted guide 219 extends to the rear of the arm 224, and the j lever 417, pivoted at 225 to a llug on the arm 'said frame.

, 119a. tends through a suitable slot or opening in a 224, operates through the slot in said guide. The lower` end of the lever 417 terminates in a handle. 'The lug 231 on the arm 224 forms 'a bearing for the latch 414, as well as the ejector 409. v The vertically-sliding guide-bar 119 has its bearings in the projections 124 and 126 in the frame A and supports the horizontal linegage bar or blade 112, the right end of which operates in the slot 137 in a projection from The bar 112'is constructed to register the height of unjustified type-lines by the position of its upper horizontal edge, which at its normal height represents that of a full type-line and lies below the center ofthe pivot a distance equal to the diameter of the stud 136. In other words, the top of the stud 136 when slide 119 is sulpported upon a full type-line is even with t e center of the pivot 110. The guide-bar 119 rests upon the intermediate gage projection 232, (best shown in Fig. 5,) being connected to the said projection by the integral foot The gage 120 is bent around and expla'te of the trame A, the internal end of said gage being adapted, as previously stated, to be swung onto and ofi' or theline of type 121a in the channel 121 by a rotary and longitudt.

nal movement of the rod 203, wherebyit engages said type while -the line is undergoing measurement and disengages the same when `the words are vtransferred to a position opposite the galley b.

The angle-bar or computing-bar 111 has.

its right end mounted on the pivot 110, ex-

tending from the frame A, and its free left 'end capable of adjustment at the required positions by the vertical movement of the' counting-slide 117 in the T groove or guideway 125 in the frame A. 'lhe counting-slide 117 has a friction-spring to hold it in position and the screw 142 to clamp the same. The stud 115 projects from the slide 117 and extends above the left end of the bar 111 to hold thelatter against the Wedging action of the stud or feeler-gage 136. lhe indicator-mark 118 re 'st tions on t esca e g2? to in ca e the position ol" the stud 115,.

e emmmset upper edge ofthe l so that the lower edge of the main bodyand 'A the upper edge of said terminal are .inth e' same line, and said line passes throughqtlre center of the pivot 110. Said straight'lineis adapted to assume a ditlerent position and form a dili'erent angle with the u per edge of the blade 112 for every change position of the stud 115.' The graduations on the scale 122 are equal distances apart to enable the stud 115, which is adjusted thereby, to locate said straight lineat positions necessary to construct the successive triangles illustrated in Fig. 6. Said triangles have their common apiccs at the center of the pivot 110 'and their bases on lines parallel with the slide 117, all

:measurements being made on lines parallelA with the path of said slide.

Fig. 6 illustrates the relation of the computinrdevices to the space-magazine. The ines aw'n from the apex of the-an le to the divisions of the scale 122a indicate t e angles between the computing-bar and the'measuring-blade corresponding to dierent numbers of Word-spaces. The bars 111a 112a (shown in full lines) are arranged 4at the angle for a line having a single interval. The .machine practically thrusts the line shortage into this angle, andthe point where the shortage forms a chord for the angle corresponds to channel 123,.,having the correct size of justifying-space for the line. Thus in Fig. 6, 121a indicates the shortage, which is equal to the largest space in the magazinethat is, the space in the left-hand channel in said figure. If the shortage were less, it would form a chord nearer the apex ofthe angle and control the selection of a smaller space, as will be evident. In the machine herein l described the ejecting-plunger is located opposite the space-channel in amanner substantially smi- IIOO IIO

.A'sshown on the diagram," they andere @roaming-blade intervals"byfoonstaotingfmeohanioally twg@` siinil'ai triangles` Thedirnensi-ons-'foffonef'fofthe" triangles aijeknown qu'antitiesfand'oneA of the dilnsionsof tlrerer'nainin ''tri'angle theYL remaining-dimensioni one" of'whim'lr'will l*loefprojoortional -fotho-:quotient sought; are radiiyfobtainable;

Refrringt'ol ig. 7 'a mfn'r indicates ii-right-,y angled triangle; in'whiehthe' siden repreLv snt'sajustiiying-spaee, Which',- for instance;- Iay\be"eiglit units,l as indicated ontlre dia-"- gran' The"sijclle"n'"'1'"represents the number' ofintertfals'"-inth"eA linev and is' equal lto the nrn'beof intervals multiplied' `'by-eight u'nl't-v sraees. The 'sidem' 1 1, is alwaysconstant; and'ithe side"1"is"-a-' known quantity deter# mined by the number* o'intervals; Injth'e so'nd 'trianglefm t fu; theside' t which is pa'rallei to 'n-ris'e u'al 'to themeasured-shortageof'theglineunf i'treatmenti Iff'n'ow-'We indio'ate'b ""'w`.1w}&o;, the eight unitlsp'aces on "thet'side fnl *1" vand""dravr' lines 'from f m to the oints wjwf,' the shortage'oirgff'tlieline t-'u Will be'dividd itofaJ number parts, and oa'ohf-'oftheso parts;- a's t will equal tho-'q 'o4 tient sought: liff-will also fooi evident that iffm nreprsentseightunits 'm t will represent the' quotient sougl'rt` i-n the same proportion. quotient of the shortage t'u divided byth'e-number' of `intervalseqnalsvfour andorre-half, and the line y under treatmentwi'li be ju'stiiied by inserting spao'esof four-and one-half units;

Comparing "the diagram Fig.I 7a with the mechanism 1n Fig.' 3, the line lm; 'n- 'corresponde to *the lower edge of" the computingb'ar 111 "When lthe latter is in its vnormal horizontal position. the downward' movement of the forward end-of lthe lat'o'hl414 is'fadapted 'to When thelatoh 414vis inf-itsrearwardgosk tion andfwit'hdrawnfroin the teeth 416,5 zthe said""bar. The line "t u''o'r're"sponds'"-t theA v downward' movement 'offthejrbar 1 1 2," Whi'oh` equals'the shortage 'ofthe 'liner The ont u is the lace ofeontac't "of the "gagef-polnt '136 with t e'bar 111, and thedistanoe'm't isthe 17o 'amount of movement lof theJ 'oontaotpoint 136 when'drawnoverthe'arnfQZi;v rolV4 vided' said point vstarts the `'vertical' irif throughthe pivcgtfllf`l` distance "mfjt ist" simply" proportional' to* the thickness 'oftll 7 5 quotient-space 'andfy is; in fact; very', m1121111 greater. lt will be evident fthatthisrnovel ment 1 n proportion'to 'thedesi'r'edfspa'ee may beutihzedinimany'way 'UIOC'atihg'QSeldCtf lng'justifying-spaoesf Fig. 11 'shows the 'indiator-'mark'l 18""adv j usted for a lineeontaining'fur s a'ees'fanl" the gage 120:1esting'upona'liiieofpnknowr length. The position' of'lthe' fbars' i1 11 land' l 12 and the` arresting-'of the eje'f'st'or'4091153755x the :Contact 'of'th'estud136"witi15saidbarsldi` Cates' vsaid y'eje'cto.r1-opposite "thev right-hand 4:to lts vrequired"length Twolspaoe ypiles 123i the dlink'42 1 ,l saidl link being pivoted at 423 to engage any I one *of the "ratchet-teeth 1 4165 The ratchet-teeth 4 1 6 are'f'cutinto "therear--of' the channel-plate 419 and corres 'ondiin number and'distances rapart.witht e ehanno thev dependin'g"'cat'ch 480;' adapted whenJ-in' its forward vposition" to r *form* `afstop fo'r thef lug" '429 4of the-'spaeetransferring"arm' 227.7'

oatoh 430' enters 'between theiugs' V429 Iand' 428 of the-arm'227 and locksl the-'latter tor-the arrnf224. The :latch-414 Ais further lprovided with'the'thumb-piece- 413, situatedfso 'as-to 12o be readily grasped With the=handl 417'to pull said latch outyof-'engagement'fwith the teeth 416 against thefresiliency-ofthe spring 415. The spring'415 extends' betweenthe latch 414 and the-arm -224 and normally draws said latch into engagement Awith the teeth 416.4 The operator releases the thumb- Tlie'linefn'r'oorresgonds to piece 413 and allows the latch-414 to renar 117.I gage the teeth416, when the stud'136 is are' Thespaee"nw'corresponds'to one d1vis1on of l rested by contact with the angle-bar 111,A the versely'to the channels 1.23.

ejector -409 being 'locatedbehind the required 'sizeofs aces. The space-ejector 409 is longltudlnal y operated, by means of the -lever 417, through the lug ,231'.on the arm 224, said lever swinging with said arm trans- The lever 417 is tensioned to the rear by the sprin 420,ex' tending between said lever and the ack end of the guide'219.` When the lever 417 is lo-` `cated back ofA the selected channel 123,it is designed to be drawn toward the operator against the resiliency of the spring 420 and at right angles to the locating motion of the arm 224. This action of the lever 417 pushes theejector 409 a ainst the bottom space of the channel 123 will of said ejector. The ejector 409 has a longitudinal movement sufficient to thrust va s ace from the channel 123 and lodge it on t e front platform 410.

The operation of the machine is as follows:

4The-column of loose unjustified type is first placed in the lgalley a, with the vtop rorf'beginning of the reading matteragainst the Vwall 201, and an Ordinar ispring-tensioned block is inserted against t e opposite end. of

said column to keep the last lines from-falling` over. z.- The operator.- removesl the irstrle his left hand and. pushesfthe .column-.to theA 1eft, .tight against.. the wall- 201. By

keepin the run of.thereading matter fin .niindt e operator is'able tocountfthenumber. of places forV spaces between.ths...werdsv .and setsthe slide 1 17 opposite the graduation 3 5 uon the scale '122 that corres onds with's-aid number and'with a turn of t e screw 142 secures said slide in place; While this latter adjustment is taking place'the right hand of -the operator asps the handle of 'the lever -417"with" the t umb on the thumb-piece 413.

' .The latch 414 is drawn back, and its catch #13D-enters betweenthe lugs 429y and 428 as --Athe point of said latch clears the teeth 416. y The whole .ofthis portion of the mechanism is now swung' to the eXtreme ri ht. The

parts referred to include the han le of the ev r417, the handle 217, the ejector 409,

,the'latch 414, the pusher 41 1 and the feelergagev 136. Meanwhile the operator seizes 'gage 1420 into the channe short type-line therein.

lthe handle 206 with his left hand and gives it a partial turn to the right to bring the 121 above the The partial rotation of the bar 203 to the right'is followed by tion,"i line.

-of the bar 112 ich happens to be 1n front v the desired operation of division.. While' the 'handle 206 is held tightly downward the members to the left until the feeler-gage 136 is interce ted in the a hle formed by the bars 111 an l2. on t e interce `on a ove a uded to takingp place the operator -allows his thumb to slipoff of the thumb-piece '413 and gives the lever-handle a slight pull to the right until the point of the latchj414 istight against the adjoining tooth 416, thereby loeating the ejector 409 directly behind the channel 123 containing the required size of space. The gage 120 is now turned away from the upper end of the t e-line bv a partial rotation to the left `o the handle 206. The lever-handle is now ulled forward until the bottomace has een transferred to the platform 41 .by the ejector 409. The

Kspace so ejected is prevented from sliding back bythe shoulder 412. The operator now y. changes from the lever-handle to the handle 217, which operates lthe space-pusher 411. In the meantime he is manipulatin the rule 200-with the left hand. Having t st the l knife-edge gf the rule 200 under the up er Vwordand raised the same above the catc es 20 2.intola'position in front of the upper galley 1 b'. prior 'tol inserting'the first space7 he graises the second word in a similar manner until the'to of it is inline with the upper r`surface of t e platform. 410. Bya move- :lf-ment of the handle 217 to the left in Fig. 1 the :pusher 411 is caused to move the space on the latform 410 through a suitable opening in tlie wall of the channel 121, against the catches 202, and over vthe second word in the channel 121. The handle 217 is kept 'pressed to the left and the pusher 411, eX-

tending through the o ening in the channelwall through which t e spaces pass,holds 'the space being acted upon suspendedbetween itself and the catches 202 under the new line until the operatorl raises the word above said catches and into that part of the --channel 121 which is'at the end of the galley l?, carrying said space with it. The space is now incorporated with the new line between the first and secondwords. .As the-second word reaches the plane above the catches 202 the latter snap back across the channel 121 to prevent the new line or the justified art of the original line from dropping when the rule 200 is withdrawn. These operations are-continued -until all of the words in the lower part of thechannel 121 have been successively transferred into line with the galley b. The operator withdraws the rule 235 upon the completion ofthe line and inserts it on the opposite side of said line, pushing the same, with the balance of the justified column, to the left until said rule snaps back into place under the hooked spring 233. By a repetition of the several operations hereinbefore described the entire column of t e in the galley a is transferred to the galley ,being justified during the passage from one of said galleys to the other. If 1t is desired to lead'the new column, the operator-'simply transfers the-lead lWhich he removes from the end of the .old column to the end of the new instead of laying-it aside.

.What I claim as `my invention, to secure by Letters Patent, .iS-

1. In a justifying mechanism for a typographic machine, a pivotally-mounted bar or lever movable to different positions for the justification of different lines, in combination with means for measuring the shortage of a line, and means for indicatingthe number of intervals in the line.

and desire 2. lIn a justifying .mechanism for a typo-` graphcmachine, a pivotally-mounted bar or lever movable .to diHerent positions lfor the justification of dierent lines, in combination f with means for measuring the shortage of a line, means for indicating thenumber of in- .tervals in the line, `and devicescontrolled by ,f saidbar or lever andsaid means'forjdeter- T-.mining justifying-spaces.

v3. InajustifylA p i 'the `iustifylng-.sp aces from*v the kelements i of line V.Shortage and numberv .ofintervals,- a

ng mechanism determinde'vice for.l mechanically representing the line ishortage, .in- 'combinationnwi "a `device for I.mechanically representing the mlmber `*of ntervalsinaline, 'said devices cludingfa 'part fsaid'elements. j i I i i 4. In a justifying mechanism for determinha gan inclination corresponding to one of ing hijustifying-spacesfrom the elements i of lineshortage and the number of intervals,

a device for mechanically representing the line shortage, in: combination with a device for mechanically representing the number of intervals in a line, said devices including means for-providing different angles or in-. clines for the justification of different lines.

5. In a justifying mechanismjfor a typographic machine, `a pivoted computing bar or lever, in combination lwith means for representing the line shortage, means for representing the number of intervals in a line, and means 4for bringing said bar and said repre- Senting means into. conjunction to .determine the justifying-spaces for a line.

- 6. Ina justifying mechanismfor determining the justifying-spaces from the elements of line shortage and number of intervals, devices for dividing the line shortage by the number of intervals, said devices including a part having anpinclination corresponding to one of said elements.

7, In a justifying mechanism for determining the justifying-spaces from the elements of line' shortage and number of intervals, devices for dividing vthe line shortage by the number of intervals, said devices including i l having a straight edge radi part having an inclination corresponding to one of said elements, and being movable .to vary the inclination for different lines.

8. In al justifying mechanism for determining the justifying-.spaces Jfrom the elements of line shortage and number of intervals, devices for dividing the line shortage by the number of intervals, said devices including a part having an inclination corresponding to the number of intervals in a line, and being novable to vary the inclination for different mes. f 9. In a typographie machine, a mechanism forl justifying comprising an elementl havmg an angular mo vement, means for moving said element in accordance with the number of .intervals in a line, and means for bringing said elementiu into conjunction with another element representing the shortage of a line to determine the Width of justifying-spaces for the line.' j A 10. a typographie machine, a mechan- `ism forjustifying comprising a pivoted-element, and means for moving said element about its pivot in accordance with the number of `intervals in a line to be justified, the

gentto the angle. j. Y

,. 11. In a typographie machine, ,a justifying mechanism comprising agpiyqote;A `element y lt its pivot,A and kmeans for imparting to said element' anangular movement, said meanscompi'ising a part..mova'ble tangentiallyL to a circlel described about said pivot and in proportion to the number of intervals in a line. y

A 12. In a typographie machine, a justifying mechanism comprising a computin -bar having an angular movement contro ed in ac- -cordance With the number of intervals in a line to be justified, means for measuring the line, and means for combining said measurement and said angular movement to determine the j ustifying-spaces for the line.

13. In a typographie machine, a justifying mechanism comprising a pivotedcomputingbar having a straight edge radial toits pivot, means for moving said computing-bar to correspond With the number of intervals in the 'f line to be justified,and means for applying to said computing-bar an element representing the shortage of the line, whereby the 'thickness of justifying-spaces for the line is obtained.

14. In a justifying mechanism, the combination With means for measuring the line of type, of a space-magazine, mechanism for dividing the shortage of a line by the number of intervals therein said mechanism including a member ha ving an incline correspondinur to one of said elements, and means controIled by said mechanism for selecting justifyingspaces from the magazine.

15. In a justifying mechanism, the combisuccessive elements of said angular movement corresponding to equal increments of a tan- IOO nation With a line-channel, and means for measuring a line of type in said channel; of a space-magazine, mechanism for dividing` the s ortage of a line by the number of intervals therein said mechanismincluding a member having an incline corresponding to one of said elements, and means controlled by said mechanism for selecting j ustifying-spaces from the magazlne.

16. In a justifying mechanism for a'typographic machine, the combination vvithr a s ace-magazine having compartments for a purality of sizes of spaces, of means for `measuring an unjustified line of type, justifying means comprising an element having an incline capable of being varied for diiierent lines, and means operatingl in conjunction with said element for selecting proper justifying-spaces from the magazine. ,I

17. In a typographie machine, the combination with a magazine having channels .for a plurality of sizes of spaces, of a mechanism for justifying comprising an element having .an .angular movement, meansfor moving said element in accordance with the numberA of intervals ina line, means for measuring the line, means for bringing said angular elementv in to conjunction Withanother e ement re pre# 'sentin the shortage of the line, and'means contro led by said latter element for selecting justifying-spaces from the magazine.

18. A mechanism for justifying lines of type comprising an element having an angular movement controlled by the number of Word-intervals in the line and a second element having a movement controlled by the shortage of the line', the relative positions assumed by said elements for a given line determining the values of the justifyingspaces forsaid line.

19. In a mechanism for justifying composed lines of t e, an element havin a parallel movement 1n proportion to the s ortage of the line, in combination With an element having an anffular `movement controlled, by

the number of intervals in the line, the rela-l tion of said elements when adjusted for a` shortage of the line, an e ement having an angular movement controlled by the number of intervals in the line, and a part guided by oneof said velements and movable into contact with the other,`th'e position of said part when in contact being adapted to indicate'the quotient of the line shortage divide by the number of intervals.

' 21; In a mechanism for justifying lines of type, mechanical means for obtaining the quotient of the line shortage divided by the number'of Word-intervals, comprising a bar terasse having a parallel movement in proportion to the shortage of the line, a computing-barhaving an angular movement from an initial position parallel With the first-named bar, said angular movement being controlled by the number of Word-intervals in the line, and a part guided by the rst-named bar and movable into contact with the computingbar, the position of said part when in contact with the computing-bar being adapted to in-` .and mearis for moving said feeler-gage along' a path parallel with the initial position of the computing-bar until intercepted by said bar, for the; urpose s ecified.

` 23. n a justifiying mechanism, in combination, a computing-bar having an an ar movement controlled in accordance Wit the number; of intervals occurring in the line under justification, a pivotal sup ort for one end of saidbar, and slide arran e to engage and move the other'end of the ar, said 'slide being in engagement with apart of said bar in linevvith'its computing edge, for the purpose specified.

` 24. In a type-justifyin mechanism, in combination, a computingar provided with a pivotal support, a counting-slide arranged tomove in tangential relation to the movement of said bar uponits pivot in accordance `With the number of intervals occurring in the line under justication, Said bar and slide IOO having a sliding engagement With each other,

constructively aying o the shortage of the line parallel with the slide'to form the base of a similar triangle, and means for utilizing the measure of one of the remaining sides of said latter triangle to determine the normal Wordspace value.

26. In a justifying mechanism, the combination with a line-measuring channel, a gage mounted on a rotatable and longitudinallymovable support, said gage being movable into and out of said channel, a line-gage blade adjustable according to the longitudinal movements of the gage, and a computing-bar coperating with the gage-blade.

27. In a justifying mechanism, the combination with the line-gage, and the supportingrod for said gage having a longitudinal and ever and adapted to channel of the magazine.

rotary'movement, of the line-gage blade, and connections between said gage and said blade whereby the blade is moved longitudinally with the gage-support and is not affected by the rotary movement of said support.

28. In a justifying mechanism, the combination With the line-gage blade, and the pivoted computing-bar, of the lever 224, and the contactieee connected with and operated bysaid ever, said contact-piece coperating with said bar and blade.

29. In a justifying mechanism, the combination with the line-gage blade adjustable in accordance with the line-gage, and the pivoted computing-bar, of a lever such as 224, a link connected to said lever,- and a contactand extending 30. In a type-justifying mechanism, the combination with justifying space-determining devices and a space-magazine having the lower ends of its channels arranged substantially in the arc of a circle, of a pivot at the center of said circle, a lever mounted on said pivot, and a space-plunger mounted in said Ieject spaces fromany 31. In a type-justifying mechanism, the combination with justifying space-determining devices and a space-magazineA having a plurality of channels, lof. af'space ejecting plunger, a lever in the rear o`f themagazine y 1n which'said plunger is mounted, a receivingplatform in front of the magazine to sustain anda carrier yoperating on 32. In a t e-justifym mechanism, the combination gvipth theixed: magazine having a plurality of space channels, of a lever mounted in the rear of saidmagazine, a space-receiving platform in front of said magazine, a space-ejecting plunger mounted in said lever, and a second lever in the rear of said magazine and having anger extending forward under the magazine and over thereceivmg-platform for the purpose of sweeping the ejected spaces over said platform. l

33. In a type-justifying mechanism, the combination of a space-magazine having a plurality of channe s, a lever movable in a plane parallel with the plane of the spacema azine, an ejectin -plunger mounted in sai lever and movabIe transversely to said plane, and an ejecting hand-lever pivoted to said first-named lever and connected with the space-ejector.

34. In a type-justifying mechanism, the combination with a space-magazine having channels for dilierent sizes of spaces, of alinegage blade and means for setting the same in accordance with the line shortage, a pivoted computing-bar'and means for setting the same in accordance with the number of intervals in a line, a lever in which said space-ejector is mounted, and means for adjusting said lever in accordance with the intersection of said bar and blade, for the selection of justifying-spaces.

35. In a type-justifying mechanism, the combination of a space-magazine having channels for different sizes of spaces, an arm pivotally mounted and adapted to rock in a plane parallel to said magazine, a series of ratchet-teeth in the rear of the magazine and corresponding in location to the several channels thereof, a pawl carried by said arm and adapted to engage with said ratchet-teeth, and an ejecting-plunger also carried by said arm and adapted to be located accurately in the rear of a channel by said pawl and ratchet-teeth.

36. In a type-justifying mechanism, in combination a channeled magazine arranged to contain diiierent sizes of spaces and having ratchet-teeth thereon corresponding to the number of channels in said member and to their distances apart, a space-ejector, a space-pusher, arms carrying said ejector and saidpusher, a latch operating in one of said arms and adapted to engage or release said teeth, and means for causing said arms to be4 locked together by saidlatch when the same is outof engagement with said teeth, for-the purpose set forth: Y

37. In` a type-justifying mechanism, in combination, a' space-magazine, a spaceejector, an adjustable arm to locate the same back of a given size oi' spaces, a latch-in said arm for locking said ejector in position, a space-pusher supported by a second arm provided with lugs, and a catch on said latch adapted to engage said lugs and lock said arms together, or to disengage the former and permit one of the latter to move independently of the other, according to the position of said latch, for the purpose set forth.

38. In a typographie machine, a mechanism for justifying comprising anelement having a straight edge anda pivotal point to which said edge is radial, in combination with means for setting said element in accordance with the number of intervals in a line.

39. A mechanism fon justifying a composed line of type comprising a device for measuring an unjustified line to ascertain the total shortage and devices including a member having an incline variable for different lines for dividing the said shortage by the number of Word-spaces in the line.

40. In a type-justifying machine, a rivoted computingbar, in combination with type-engaging means movable in proportion to the aggregate shortage of a line, and with a device engaging said bar and movable in accordance with the number of intervals occurring in the line.

41. In a typejustifying machine, a pivoted computing-bar operatively connected IOO with a slide adapted to move in tangential relation to the movement of the bar upon its pivot, the slide being located adjacent to and adapted to engage with the linel of type to be measured. y

42. In a mechanism for justifying composed lines of type, measuring devices com- -prising an element having an angular movement controlled by the number of'Word-intervals in the line and a second element having a movement controlled by the length of the line, the relative positions assumed by said elements for a given line being adapted to determine the values of the justifyingspaces for said line.

l 43, In a justifying mechanism, the combination with a pivoted computing-bar and means for setting said bar in accordance with the number of intervals in the line, of thev line-measuring bar, an arm extending at right angles from said measuring-bar, and a gageblock movable on' said arm.

BENJ. M. DES JARDINS. `Witnessesz IsA'Ao A. ALLEN, Jr., EDWARD E. CLAUssEN. 

